Install a Backsplash: A Step-by-Step Guide

We've put together a step by step guide to install a backsplash.

If you're handy, you can install a backsplash yourself with a few simple tools and materials.

You can find tile design inspiration here. Once you've finished installation, be sure to read our guide on Tile and Grout Maintenance For Busy Families.

If you're looking for more detailed information about tile, check out our Wall and Floor Tile for Beginners.

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 Materials Needed

• Tile or other backsplash material
• Thinset mortar or adhesive
• Grout
• Tile spacers
• Backer Board (Optional)
• Level
• Notched trowel
• Grout float
• Sponge
• Safety glasses
• Gloves
• Safety mask

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 Install a Backsplash

Step 1: Measure Your Wall

To determine how much tile you need for your backsplash, you will need to measure the wall carefully.

First, measure the height of the wall from the countertop to the bottom of the upper cabinets. This will be the height of your backsplash.

Then, measure the width of the wall in inches. Multiply the width and the height to determine how many square feet you need.

Note

• Be sure to take into account any outlets or switches.
• Always add 10% to your total. This will cover any small gaps and serve as replacement pieces if any tile is damaged.
• Here's a handy tile calculator to help you accurately calculate.

 

Step 2: Prepare the Area

• Start by clearing off the counter, removing all appliances.
• If you will be installing tile behind your stove, unplug it and pull it out.
• Place a drop cloth over your counter and tape off the underside of any upper cabinets to protect them.
• Remove the covers of any outlets or switches in the backsplash area. Also, turn off the power to these outlets or switches.

 

Step 3: Prepare the Wall

The wall you're installing the backsplash on should be clean, dry, and free of any imperfections.

If there is already tile on the wall:

• Gently scrape the grout between the tiles to loosen and remove it.
• Use a masonry hammer and chisel to carefully tap and remove the individual tile pieces.
• Remember to wear safety glasses when working with ceramic tile.

If you're applying tile to a bare wall:

• Fill any holes with spackling paste and use sandpaper to lightly smooth the work area's surface.
• Clean the walls with a solution of mild soap and water, ensuring they are thoroughly dry. For walls behind the stove with oil or grease stains, use a degreaser or primer to clean tough stains.
• If the walls are painted, wipe them down with tri-sodium phosphate and sand them gently.
• For glossy surfaces, sand and remove the gloss. Finish by wiping the wall with a soft cloth or damp sponge to ensure it's clean and dry.

 

Step 4: Install Backer Board

Using backer board for tiling provides the most durable and moisture-resistant results.

• Remove the existing drywall.
• Place the backer board into the designated area, ensuring it matches the thickness of the kitchen drywall for a seamless transition.
• Secure each panel of backer board to the studs using 1 1/4-inch backer board screws. Maintain a 1/8-inch gap between each of the panels.
• Seal the gaps with silicone tile caulk.
• Apply fiberglass mesh tape over all seams and corners, and then apply mortar over the tape.

 

Step 5: Mark the Wall

Use a level to mark a horizontal line on the wall where you want the top of the backsplash to be.

Your starting point will be the most viewable part of the wall. Mark this area with a pencil.

 

Step 6: Cut the Tiles

If you need to cut any tiles to fit, use a tile cutter or wet saw.

 

Step 7: Mix Thinset

• Fill a bucket with the amount of water specified on the package instructions.
• Gradually incorporate the thin-set powder, ensuring thorough mixing.
• Allow the mixture to rest for 5 to 10 minutes, then re-mix without adding additional water.

Once mixed, keep in mind that thin-set mortar has a limited usage window. Flex-type mortar typically remains usable for up to 4 hours after mixing.

If you're seeking efficiency, consider using a tile setting mat. These mats adhere to the wall, allowing for immediate tiling and faster progress towards grouting.

It's important to note that thin-set mortars require manual mixing, which adds time and labor compared to pre-mixed products.

However, they often offer superior bonding strength and other advantages over premixed alternatives.

 

Step 8: Apply the Mortar

Ensure you are using the trowel that is recommended for your tile. Start with a two foot section.

• Using the flat side of the trowel, spread a thin, even layer of mortar.
• Position the trowel at a 45-degree angle to ensure optimal adhesion of the mortar to the wall.
• With the notched edge of the trowel, add a bit more mortar, then create consistent ridges in one direction.

Note

To maintain control and prevent the mortar from drying or forming a skin, work in small sections.

Additionally, keep a sponge handy to quickly clean off any excess mortar from the tile's surface.

 

Step 9: Lay the Tile

Start at the bottom of the wall and place the tiles one by one, pressing them firmly into the thinset or adhesive. Use tile spacers to keep the tiles evenly spaced.

Give the tile sheet a gentle rocking motion, moving it up and down perpendicular to the trowel lines.

This action helps settle the tile and flatten the mortar ridges. If needed, use a grout float to ensure a level surface.

Let both the mortar and tile dry completely. Typically, this process takes around 24 hours.

The exact duration may vary depending on the type of mortar used and the temperature in your home.

 

Step 10: Grout the Tiles

Once all of the tiles are in place, it's time to grout.

• Begin by thoroughly wiping the tiles clean with water and removing all spacers. Ensure you follow the preparation instructions provided on the grout package diligently.
• Prepare a bucket with the appropriate amount of water.
• Gradually introduce the grout powder into the water, stirring thoroughly to create a consistent mixture.
• Allow the grout mixture to rest for 5 to 10 minutes, then re-mix it without adding more water. Be sure to periodically re-mix the grout to maintain its desired consistency.

Grouting Process

1. Working efficiently is crucial as the mixed grout has a limited usable time, typically up to two hours. Divide your work into manageable sections, ensuring you can complete each area within 30 minutes.
2. Apply the grout using a grout float at a 45-degree angle, working diagonally. Remove any excess grout by holding the grout float at a 90-degree angle.
3. Using a damp sponge, circularly remove excess grout from the tile's surface while shaping the grout joints fully. Rinse the sponge frequently in clean water to maintain effectiveness.
4. Repeat this process several times, being cautious not to use excessive water to avoid washing out the grout joints.
5. After approximately 3 hours, you can remove the last residue of grout haze. Use a dampened cheesecloth or sponge to gently wipe down the tile's surface.

 

Step 11: Seal the Tiles

• Allow ample time for the grout to dry completely, which can range from 24 hours to three days, depending on the specific manufacturer's recommendations.
• To safeguard your newly installed backsplash from staining and moisture, apply a layer of grout sealer and allow it to dry thoroughly.
• With attention to detail, apply a small quantity of latex caulk in the gap between your backsplash and the countertop. This step ensures a clean and polished finish.
• Now, carefully replace your countertop appliances and cookware, arranging them to your liking.
• Finally, restore power to your electrical outlets to complete the project. Your refreshed backsplash is now ready to enhance the beauty and functionality of your space.

 

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Conclusion

Installing a backsplash is not just a practical choice; it's a design decision that can transform the entire look and feel of your home.

Beyond protecting your walls from moisture and stains, a well-chosen backsplash can elevate the aesthetics of your kitchen or bathroom, adding a touch of elegance or personality to the space.

This visual enhancement, in turn, contributes to increasing the overall value of your home.

Whether you choose classic ceramic tiles, natural stone mosaics, or modern glass panels, investing in a quality backsplash not only enhances your daily living but also ensures your home stands out and holds its value for years to come.

Pro Tips

• If you're using tile, make sure to choose a type of tile that is appropriate for the backsplash area. For example, glazed tile is a good choice for kitchens and bathrooms, as it is easy to clean and resistant to moisture.
• If you're using adhesive, be sure to follow the manufacturer's instructions carefully.
• When laying the tile, use a level to make sure that the tiles are level and straight.
• Use tile spacers to keep the tiles evenly spaced.
• Grout the tiles according to the manufacturer's instructions.
• Wipe the tiles clean with a sponge once the grout has dried.

Don't hesitate to reach out to our team of experts with any questions you have!